Lintho tsa motheo tsa mechine ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe

Thepa ea thepa ea tšepe ka kakaretso e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso.Seo ho thoeng ke ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso e bua ka ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tlas'a maemo a ts'ebetso a batang le a chesang nakong ea tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa mechine.Boleng ba ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe bo etsa qeto ea ho ikamahanya le maemo ho sebetsa le ho theha nakong ea tlhahiso.Ka lebaka la maemo a fapaneng a ho sebetsa, thepa e hlokahalang ea ts'ebetso e boetse e fapane, joalo ka ts'ebetso ea ho lahla, weldability, forgeability, ts'ebetso ea phekolo ea mocheso, ho itšeha ho sebetsa, joalo-joalo. likarolo tsa mochine, tse kenyelletsang lisebelisoa tsa mochine, thepa ea 'mele, lik'hemik'hale, joalo-joalo Ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe e etsa qeto ea hore na e sebelisoa joang le bophelo ba tšebeletso.

Indastering ea ho etsa mechini, likarolo tse akaretsang tsa mochini li sebelisoa ka mocheso o tloaelehileng, khatello e tloaelehileng le mecha ea litaba e sa senyeheng haholo, 'me nakong ea ts'ebeliso, karolo e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mochini e tla jara meroalo e fapaneng.Bokhoni ba lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ho hanyetsa tšenyo tlas'a mojaro bo bitsoa thepa ea mechine (kapa thepa ea mechine).Thepa ea mechine ea lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ke motheo o ka sehloohong oa moralo le khetho ea thepa ea likarolo.Ho latela mofuta oa mojaro o sebelisitsoeng (joalo ka tsitsipano, khatello, torsion, tšusumetso, mojaro oa cyclic, joalo-joalo), thepa ea mochini e hlokahalang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa tšepe le eona e tla fapana.Lintho tse sebelisoang ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa: matla, polasetiki, ho thatafala, ho tiea, ho hanyetsa liphello tse ngata le moeli oa mokhathala.Thepa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mochini e tšohloa ka thoko ka tlase.

1. Matla

Matla a bolela bokhoni ba thepa ea tšepe ho hanela tšenyo (deformation e feteletseng ea polasetiki kapa fracture) tlas'a mojaro o tsitsitseng.Kaha mojaro o sebetsa ka mokhoa oa tsitsipano, khatello, ho kobeha, ho kuta, joalo-joalo, matla a boetse a arotsoe ka matla a tsitsitseng, matla a khatello, matla a flexural, matla a kuta, joalo-joalo Hangata ho na le kamano e itseng pakeng tsa matla a sa tšoaneng.Ha e sebelisoa, matla a tensile hangata a sebelisoa e le index ea mantlha ea matla.

2. Plastiki

Plasticity e bolela bokhoni ba thepa ea tšepe ho hlahisa deformation ea polasetiki (deformation e sa feleng) ntle le timetso tlas'a mojaro.

3.Bothata

Ho thatafala ke tekanyo ea hore na tšepe e thata kapa e bonolo hakae.Hona joale, mokhoa o sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa oa ho lekanya boima ba tlhahiso ke mokhoa oa ho thatafala oa indentation, o sebelisang indenter ea sebōpeho se itseng sa geometri ho hatella holim'a thepa ea tšepe e lekoang tlas'a mojaro o itseng, 'me boleng ba boima bo lekanngoa. e ipapisitseng le boemo ba ho indentation.
Mekhoa e sebelisoang hangata e kenyelletsa Brinell hardness (HB), Rockwell hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC) le Vickers hardness (HV).

4. Mokhathala

Matla, polasetiki le boima boo ho buuoeng ka bona pejana ke matšoao a ts'ebetso ea mochini oa tšepe tlas'a mojaro o tsitsitseng.Ha e le hantle, likarolo tse ngata tsa mochine li sebelisoa tlas'a cyclic loading, 'me mokhathala o tla hlaha likarolong tse tlas'a maemo a joalo.

5. Tšusumetso e thata

Mojaro o sebetsang karolong ea mochini ka lebelo le phahameng haholo o bitsoa " impact load", 'me bokhoni ba tšepe ba ho hanela ts'enyehelo tlas'a mojaro oa tšusumetso bo bitsoa ho tiea ha tšusumetso.